Accelerating the Green Transition: An Experimental Study on the Integration of Renewable Energy with Electric Vehicle Infrastructure
Keywords:
Electric vehicles, renewable integration, hydropower, EV charging infrastructure, grid stability, real-world case studiesAbstract
The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) presents both opportunities and challenges for decarbonizing transport. Integrating clean renewables into EV charging infrastructure can greatly enhance environmental benefits. This study reviews experiments and case studies of renewable energy (especially hydropower) powering EV charging networks globally. We examine real-world examples: from a Polish hydropower-EV analysis and a Korean PV/storage charging station study, to U.S. and European pilot projects using hydropower directly for EV charging. Global data show EV adoption surging (≈40 million EVs by 2023), requiring massive charging expansion (US needs ~182,000 DC fast and 1,070,000 L2 ports by 2030). We compare energy mixes: hydropower still supplies ~47% of global renewable generation, but in coal-heavy grids (e.g. Poland) EV charging may raise grid emissions. Analyses using HOMER and grid models confirm that adding renewables (PV, wind, hydro) to EV stations cuts CO₂ but raises costs. Coordinated EV charging control and hydropower dispatch can absorb solar/wind variability and reduce curtailment. Policy and practice must align EV rollout with new green generation. This paper concludes that coupling EV infrastructure with renewable supply (especially dispatchable hydro) is technically feasible and vital for deep decarbonization.
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