Design and Wideband Performance Analysis of a 40-GHz Bicone Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Radar Applications

Abstract

This work describes the design and simulation of a compact Bicone antenna optimized for 40-GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar. The antenna employs the broad bandwidth feature of biconical structures to ensure stable impedance matching at high frequencies. ANSYS HFSS full-wave electromagnetic modeling is used to optimize cone angles, feed design, and overall size. Results demonstrate excellent return-loss performance near 40 GHz, with a wide bandwidth that enables reliable radar sensing in various conditions. The radiation pattern remains stable and nearly omnidirectional, making it ideal for short-range detection. Simulated gain confirms its suitability for high-precision mmWave radar systems. The structure’s low profile and simple mechanics facilitate fabrication and integration. Performance comparisons highlight its advantages over traditional narrowband antennas. Overall, the proposed bicone antenna exhibits strong potential for future 40-GHz radar applications.